What is a unit test?
Unit tests verify that the code in the so-called “unit” codebase (a small part that can be segregated) works the way it is supposed to, and that complete isolation is used when test the smallest component of the application against the expected behavior. Since the term “complete isolation” is used here, it implies that the developer requires the application to be isolated from external resources or dependencies, such as databases, machines, HTTP server or file system. Unit tests become faster and more stable by not failing due to integration issues with these external services.
Best practices for creating Unit Tests
The following are best practices for creating unit tests:
- Test cases need to run at high speed for developers. Developers need quick and simple tests The development team won’t be able to run test cases as often if they are slow.
- Simple unit test cases also lead to more accurate test results.
- Implementation logic should not be repeated in test cases.
- For test cases to be deterministic, they must exhibit the same behavior as long as the code does not change, and while performing deterministic testing you must use real devices and browsers, not browsers. simulators and emulators. Without exposure to the actual production environment, the test results will be inaccurate or conclusive.
- An effective naming convention helps test cases stand out.
Selenium JavaScript Framework for Unit Testing
Unit testing for JavaScript involves writing JavaScript code to verify all functionality of a website or web application module. After adding the code to the HTML as an inline event handler, the code will be executed in the browser. Test suites are created by organizing unit tests.
For JavaScript unit testing, various frameworks are available. Here are some of them:
Node.js: Node.js and a browser-based validation library for Javascript. There are many test runners and unit test frameworks that can be used with this framework, such as Protractor, Karma, Mocha, QUnit, Jasmine, etc.
Jasmine: Using Jasmine, you can easily write JavaScript code tests. It doesn’t require the DOM or any other JavaScript framework and it has an easy to understand syntax that makes writing tests simple.
Mocha: The framework runs both in the browser and in Node.js. Tests run sequentially in Mocha, providing flexibility and accuracy in reporting while detecting uncaught exceptions and mapping them to the correct test case.
Jest: Normally, unit tests can’t be very useful when running on front end app, so this open source framework is built to work with React Native and React based web apps . Configuring unit tests for the UI can be time consuming, but Jest makes the process much easier.
Karma: Karma’s main goal is to provide developers with an efficient environment to conduct testing. Where developers don’t have to set up a lot of configuration, but instead, they can code and get instant feedback. You can run your code on a headless instance of PhantomJS or in a real browser on a real device like a mobile phone, tablet or desktop.
Cypress: Mocha-based JavaScript framework for performing Cypress E2E testing. JavaScript tests can be run in the browser using Cypress, allowing for convenient and easy asynchronous testing. Unit tests in Cypress run without a web server. Therefore, Cypress is ideally suited for testing JS/TS libraries intended for browser use.
Integration Testing – Overview
Basically, integration testing is aimed at checking if the common implementation of several previously tested program units is working correctly. It is very difficult to write integration tests in complex software systems due to the multitude of connections that are suitable for some specific functionality.
Integration testing consists of several common components:
Develop functions – Write test cases
After you have developed your functions first, you can start writing test cases. Test cases are sent to the remote branch for integration testing.
Build the initial integration test environment
A dedicated environment is essential for testing as it can provide proper monitoring, resource management, and logging capabilities. Therefore, any integration testing should start in a clean environment.
Test, Schedule and Execute
Testing of new business features is necessary, and testing must be integrated into the continuous integration server and enabled across development milestones such as pull request merge. Also, integration tests can be scheduled or executed after code completion and tests.
Integration test results report
Thanks to the test results report, the development team will be updated on the progress so that if there is a problem, the development team can take immediate action. However, this reporting must be done through the usual developer tool channels like Slack or Jira to make the process seamless.
Integration Tests: Why Should I Do Them?
Every software module is component tested, but they may still contain bugs. And some well-known reasons are:
- The API contains instructions on how to communicate between different components. Having a great API for your business is important because it makes it easier to develop computer programs. To incorporate a user-friendly interface, modules often interact with these APIs or third-party tools. However, integration testing is valuable to ensure that what is received from the API is correct and meets expectations.
- It is not uncommon for data to change when passed from one module to another; The programmer may have designed the module differently than what was actually delivered. Due to such modifications, this causes problems in the integration of modules.
- Manual testing is problematic because each aspect of a system is observed separately. For this reason, developers must use integration testing to ensure that the final product is bug-free.
What is mock testing?
Mocking allows you to create a mocked instance of an external or internal service that can be used as an alternative to the real service, making your tests run faster. In cases where you interact with the properties of an object rather than its behavior or functionality, simulation mode can be used.
What is a stub test?
In case your implementation only interacts with a certain behavior of the object, you can use stubs to simulate that behavior instead of the whole object.
Mocking and Stubbing in Unit Tests
If your program uses external dependencies, such as system calls or access to a database, mocking or exploiting is a good idea. You do a deployment whenever you run a test. Let’s say when you use delete/create, you don’t allow the process to work properly by allowing the process to create or delete files and data for which the create and delete processes are not useful. Furthermore, you will have to go through the process of manually deleting something every time. And it’s expensive to clean. Mocking/stub can be of great help in this case.
Let’s use an example. Imagine the test writes a file to a .txt file and then the system in the test deletes that file. This indicates that the real problem is not whether the test is independent, but the slowness of the system calls. In this case you can interrupt the response from the file system call, which will take less time as it will return immediately.
Mocking in integration testing
As part of integration testing, you evaluate relationships between services. One approach is to set up and run all the dependent services for the test environment. However, this is not necessary. You may experience multiple points of failure due to services that you cannot control, which adds complexity and time required for testing. You should write a few service integration tests with mocks and stubs to narrow your scope. Integration testing follows different rules than unit testing. Here, you should only test functionality and implementations over which you have control. For this purpose you can use mocks and stubs. Let’s first determine which integrations are important. Next, decide which external or internal services can be mocked.
Tests: What makes a good test?
To launch a successful software product, thorough testing is required. If your software doesn’t work properly, the end user won’t buy or use it. However, error checking takes time. It’s repetitive, expensive, and error-prone. Before releasing your software to the public, you must spend enough time testing every component.
Here are some tips. You can’t automate every test, so it’s important to decide which tests you want to automate first. Automating the following will benefit you the most:
- Testing often leads to operational failure.
- The tests require multiple records.
- A test designed to identify frequently used functions that can lead to high-risk conditions.
- Those tests require a lot of time and effort to run manually.
You should also check in often and early. Launch your tests right away and repeat them as often as needed to capture the full potential of your product.
closing words
It is possible to get to market faster for your web application if you do unit tests in the development phase. Therefore, a unit test framework that generates unit tests quickly, in addition to providing Selenium support, is crucial. As part of this article, we covered several unit testing frameworks. You can use the Unit testing frameworks discussed to perform automated browser testing of your web application on cloud-based testing platforms like LambdaTest. It provides an online browser pool of more than 3000 browsers and operating system combinations for your test automation needs. In addition, it offers top features like Cypress testing, Selenium testing, Appium testing and HyperExecute to take your automation testing experience to the next level.
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Source: vothisaucamau.edu.vn
